Objective

This project aims to create a device using a Raspberry Pi Pico W and a 16x2 LCD with RGB backlight. The device will receive 16-byte messages via UDP, scrolling up the LCD to add each new message on the bottom line.

Title

Pick your title wisely.

Introduction

In this section, you should aim to:

1. Capture Interest: Start with an engaging opening sentence or question to draw readers in.
2. Explain the Purpose: Briefly describe what your guide is about and what readers will learn.
3. Set Expectations: Mention the target audience and the level of difficulty (beginner, intermediate, etc.).
4. Motivate the Reader: Highlight the benefits or exciting aspects of what you’re going to cover.

For example, if your guide is about building a specific electronic project using CircuitPython, you might start with something like this:

"Have you ever wanted to create your own electronic gadget that can interact with the world around it? In this guide, we'll walk you through building a [specific project], a perfect blend of coding and electronics that will sharpen your skills in CircuitPython. Whether you're a beginner or have some experience, this guide will offer valuable insights and hands-on experience with real-world applications."

Now, let's move on to the "Background" section.

Background

In the Background section, you should aim to:

1. Provide Context: Offer some historical or technical background relevant to your topic.
2. Explain Key Concepts: Introduce and briefly explain any essential concepts or terms that are necessary for understanding the guide.
3. Establish Relevance: Explain why this topic is important or useful for the reader.

For instance, if your guide is focused on a specific application of CircuitPython, you might include:

• A brief overview of what CircuitPython is and its significance in the world of microcontrollers.
• How the project or topic you’re covering fits into the larger context of electronics or coding.
• Any specific events or developments that have made this topic particularly relevant or interesting at the current time.

An example paragraph might be:

"CircuitPython is a version of Python designed to run on tiny computers called microcontrollers, making it a perfect tool for creating interactive electronic projects. This guide focuses on [specific project or topic], a project that showcases how CircuitPython can bring electronics to life. With the increasing popularity of DIY electronics and the accessibility of tools like CircuitPython, understanding these concepts has never been more relevant for hobbyists and professionals alike."

Next, we'll draft the "Equipment" section.

Equipment

In the Equipment section, you should aim to:

1. List Necessary Items: Clearly enumerate all the tools, components, and materials required for your project or topic.
2. Provide Details: Offer specific details such as model numbers, sizes, or capacities when relevant.
3. Suggest Alternatives: If applicable, mention alternatives for some items to accommodate different availability or budget constraints.

For example, if your guide is about a CircuitPython-based project, your list might include:

• Specific microcontroller board (e.g., Adafruit Feather M4 Express)
• Sensors or actuators relevant to the project (e.g., temperature sensor, LEDs)
• Power supply (e.g., batteries, USB cable)
• Additional tools or materials (e.g., soldering iron, breadboard, jumper wires)
• Software requirements (e.g., latest version of CircuitPython, specific libraries)

An example entry could be:

"To embark on this exciting journey, you'll need an Adafruit Feather M4 Express, which serves as the brain of our project. Alongside this, you'll require a DHT22 temperature sensor, a small breadboard, and some jumper wires for connections. Don't forget a USB cable to power your board! If you don’t have a DHT22, a similar temperature sensor will suffice, though you may need to adjust the code accordingly. Ensure you have the latest version of CircuitPython installed on your board, along with the necessary libraries which we'll discuss in the Instructions section."

Now, let's proceed to the "Instructions" section.

Instructions

In the Instructions section, your goal is to provide clear, step-by-step guidance for the reader to follow. Here’s how you can structure it:

1. Sequential Steps: Break down the process into individual, numbered steps. Each step should be concise and direct.
2. Detailed Explanation: Provide enough detail in each step so that even a beginner can follow along without confusion.
3. Visual Aids: If possible, include images, diagrams, or screenshots to visually support the instructions.
4. Code Snippets: For any coding involved, include code snippets and explain what each part does.

For instance, if your guide is about a CircuitPython project:

• Step 1: Setting Up the Microcontroller: Explain how to install CircuitPython on the microcontroller and how to prepare the development environment.
• Step 2: Assembling the Hardware: Detail how to connect the sensors and other components to the microcontroller.
• Step 3: Writing the Code: Guide the reader through writing the CircuitPython script. Break down the code into smaller sections and explain each part.
• Step 4: Testing and Debugging: Provide tips on how to test the setup and debug common issues.

An example step could be:

*"Step 3: Writing the Code: Now, let's bring our project to life with some code. Open your code editor and create a new Python file. First, we'll import the necessary libraries: import board, import adafruit_dht. Next, initialize the sensor by adding sensor = adafruit_dht.DHT22(board.D4). This line sets up our DHT22 sensor connected to pin D4. Now, write a loop to read temperature and humidity data from the sensor and print it out. Here's a snippet to get you started: ..."

After completing the Instructions, we will move on to the "Observations" section.

Observations

In the Observations section, focus on:

1. Documenting Results: Describe what kind of results or output should be expected when following the instructions.
2. Analyzing Behavior: Offer insights into why certain results occur, especially if they might not be intuitive.
3. Encouraging Exploration: Suggest ways the reader might experiment or modify the project to observe different outcomes.

For example, if your guide is about a CircuitPython sensor project:

• Expected Results: Describe what the output of the sensor should be under normal circumstances. For instance, "Upon successfully running the script, the temperature and humidity readings from the DHT22 sensor will be displayed on your console at regular intervals."
• Understanding the Data: Explain any interesting patterns or anomalies that might be observed in the data. For example, "You may notice that the humidity readings fluctuate more than temperature. This is typical due to environmental factors such as airflow or nearby objects."
• Experimentation Ideas: Propose some variations they could try, like "Try placing the sensor in different environments – like near a window or in a closed cabinet – and observe how the readings change. This can help you understand the sensor's sensitivity and range."

Next, let's proceed to the "Conclusions" section.

Conclusions

In the Conclusions section, your goal is to:

1. Summarize Key Points: Briefly recap the main objectives and findings of your guide.
2. Reflect on the Learning Experience: Share what you or a reader should have learned or gained from completing the project.
3. Encourage Further Exploration: Suggest additional projects, further reading, or areas of exploration related to your topic.

For instance, if your guide is about a project in CircuitPython:

• Project Recap: Summarize the main achievements of the project, such as successfully integrating a sensor with CircuitPython and interpreting its data.
• Learning Highlights: Reflect on the skills and knowledge gained, like understanding how to read sensor data with CircuitPython and the basics of electronic circuitry.
• Next Steps: Suggest how this project could be a stepping stone to more complex projects, or recommend resources for deepening knowledge in specific areas, such as advanced CircuitPython programming or exploring different types of sensors.

An example conclusion might be:

"In completing this project, you've not only learned how to integrate a DHT22 sensor with CircuitPython but also gained practical skills in reading and interpreting sensor data. This experience lays a solid foundation for diving into more complex electronics projects. Consider exploring projects that involve multiple sensors or add data logging capabilities to your current setup. For further learning, check out [relevant resources or books on advanced CircuitPython techniques]."

After drafting the Conclusions, we'll move on to the "Troubleshooting" section.

Troubleshooting

The Troubleshooting section is crucial for helping readers overcome common obstacles they might encounter. Here's how to structure it:

1. List Common Issues: Identify frequent problems or errors that may arise during the project.
2. Provide Solutions: Offer clear, step-by-step solutions or workarounds for each issue.
3. Encourage Problem-Solving: Give tips on how to approach and solve unexpected problems independently.

For a CircuitPython project, this might include:

• Hardware Connection Issues: Describe what to check if the microcontroller is not responding or if the sensor data is not being read correctly. For example, "Ensure all wires are securely connected and the sensor is correctly wired to the specified pins on the microcontroller."
• Software and Code Errors: Address common coding mistakes or errors, such as syntax errors or library issues. For instance, "If you encounter a 'ModuleNotFoundError', make sure you have installed all the required CircuitPython libraries."
• Sensor-Specific Troubleshooting: Offer advice specific to the sensor or components used, like handling sensitivity or calibration issues.

An example troubleshooting tip could be:

"If the temperature readings seem off, first check that the sensor is not placed near heat-generating devices. Calibration might also be necessary for more accurate readings. Refer to the sensor's datasheet for specific calibration instructions."

Finally, after completing the Troubleshooting section, we will focus on the "Credits" section.

Credits

In the Credits section, it's important to acknowledge and give due credit to all the resources, individuals, or communities that contributed to your guide. Here’s how you can approach it:

1. Reference Sources: List any books, articles, online resources, or tutorials that you referred to while creating your guide.
2. Acknowledge Contributions: If anyone assisted you with the project, whether through advice, testing, or feedback, mention their contributions.
3. Credit Community Resources: If you used any open-source code, libraries, or drew inspiration from community projects, make sure to acknowledge these sources.

For a CircuitPython project, this might include:

• Referencing Adafruit Resources: If you used any Adafruit libraries or followed any Adafruit tutorials, give them credit. For example, "This project was built using Adafruit's CircuitPython libraries, particularly for the DHT22 sensor."
• Acknowledging Individual Contributors: If fellow hobbyists, friends, or online community members provided help or inspiration, mention them by their preferred names or usernames.
• Open Source Acknowledgments: If your project includes open-source code that isn't your own, cite the original authors and provide links to the source.

An example of a credit entry might be:

"Special thanks to the Adafruit community for the extensive resources and tutorials, which were invaluable for this project. I’d also like to acknowledge [Username] from the CircuitPython forum for their insightful suggestions on optimizing sensor readings. This guide also utilizes open-source code from [Source], originally authored by [Author's Name]."

With the completion of the Credits section, your guide is now fully fleshed out! You can now review it, make any necessary edits or additions, and then prepare it for publishing on Adafruit Playground. Remember to keep the language clear and engaging to ensure it's accessible to a wide range of readers.

Credits (for real)

Dexter created the outline for this note.

ProtoEngineer, a GPT application, wrote this note.

Chat about this note, or the Adafruit Playground in general, on the #show-and-tell channel of the Adafruit Community Discord. Visit https://adafru.it to join!

Overview

GPT Code Interpreter allows you to run your own code on a GPT server. It's great for trying out simple functions. Did you know that you can upload your own interpreter and have GPT run it? It takes some work, but you can have GPT write code and tests, then run them on an actual CircuitPython interpreter. Not all the features are there, and you don't have access to any real hardware. This is highly experimental at this point. Difficulty level: Advanced.

Equipment

• CircuitPython interpreter binary ports/unix x86-64. Follow the instructions for Building CircuitPython. You need to build with the same GLIBC as Code Interpreter which is currently 2.31. I was able to build it using Debian 11 (bullseye).
• The interpreter is named 'micropython' but it is CircuitPython.
• ChatGPT+ account: Code Interpreter is a plus feature.

Instructions

Follow these instructions to start a chat with access to your CircuitPython interpreter. commands should be entered directly into the chat.

• Start a new ChatGPT 4 session.
• Attach your CircuitPython interpreter 'micropython'. Click the 'paperclip' to upload it.
• Use this command: Please make /mnt/data/micropython executable.
• Use this code to check that the interpreter is working:

import sys
print("Version:", sys.version)
print("Platform:", sys.platform)

• Flex some Python skills: Use introspection to list the features in the <os> module

How it Works

The code interpreter is like a Jupyter Notebook that GPT controls. When you ask it to run some code it writes the script and executes it as a notebook 'cell'. It adds an icon that allows you to view the script and the output.

For the CircuitPython interpreter it will embed the CircuitPython code in the cell as a string, then use the shell to execute the CircuitPython interpreter with the embedded script and capture the output. It can then interpret the output or return it to you directly.

It's pretty code-inceptiony and may take a while to figure out. Be sure to click on the icons to view the code and output for each 'cell'.

Observations

I'm still in awe that it even works. You will have to use some prompting to make sure it is running the interpreter and not just calculating the responses in some other way. It can use introspection to figure out which features are available and which are not present.

This is still very experimental at this point!

Conclusions

Building a CircuitPython interpreter that can run within GPT is an interesting and at times mind-bending exercise.

Code Interpreter could be a useful tool for testing different builds or even different versions of the CircuitPython core.

Future Work

• Figure out how to add library packages to Code Interpreter.
• Implement some hardware-in-software modules (fake temperature and humidity sensor, fake I2C and SPI peripherals, fake board with a few pins etc.)
• Make the interaction traceable so we know if the interpreter is used or not.
• Wrap it in a GPT application.
• Figure out how to call it via the GPT API.

I heard that you can do I2S audio with the Qualia RGB666 board, but I didn't find any instructions. Well, now you won't have the same problem. Let's get this thing beeping! This is a Dexter Starboard project, with assistance from ProtoEngineer